Food waste drivers in Europe, from identification to possible interventions

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FUSIONS Definitional Framework for Food Waste

none21To develop reliable food waste estimates, which can be accurately repeated over time, it is necessary to produce data within a robust methodological framework. This must comprise a consistent definition of food waste and its components, and consistent system boundaries for the food supply chain. The absence of a framework for defining food waste to date has led to the production of datasets that are not always comparable or transparent as to which fractions are included. A common definitional framework will support policy-makers at both EU and Member State level, and stakeholders across the food supply chain, by enabling them to accurately track the rate of food waste reduction, and the effectiveness of their waste prevention strategies. The development of this framework for defining food waste signals a key step towards improving our understanding of the food waste challenge in Europe and its consistent use will help measure progress towards both resource efficiency and food security goals.openKarin Östergren; Jenny Gustavsson; Hilke Bos-Brouwers; Toine Timmermans; Ole-Jørgen Hansen; Hanne Møller; Gina Anderson; Clementine O’Connor; Han Soethoudt; Tom Quested; Sophie Easteal; Alessandro Politano; Cecilia Bellettato; Massimo Canali; Luca Falasconi; Silvia Gaiani; Matteo Vittuari; Felicitas Schneider; Graham Moates; Keith Waldron; Barbara RedlingshöferKarin Östergren; Jenny Gustavsson; Hilke Bos-Brouwers; Toine Timmermans; Ole-Jørgen Hansen; Hanne Møller; Gina Anderson; Clementine O’Connor; Han Soethoudt; Tom Quested; Sophie Easteal; Alessandro Politano; Cecilia Bellettato; Massimo Canali; Luca Falasconi; Silvia Gaiani; Matteo Vittuari; Felicitas Schneider; Graham Moates; Keith Waldron; Barbara Redlingshöfe

Environmental impacts of food waste in Europe

201

Ageing of rubbery thermoplastic barley and oat starches

Ageing of thermoplastic barley and oat starches prepared by the extrusion technique was investigated. Glycerol-plasticized thermoplastic starches were stored in the rubbery state at 20°C and at a relative humidity of 50% for 8 months. The ageing was followed by measurements of the tensile failure stress and strain and by characterizing thermal transitions using differential scanning calorimetry, crystallization using X-ray diffraction and small-strain viscoelastic properties using dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. The initial crystal structures and the crystallization kinetics depended on the starch origin but the ultimate crystallinities and endothermic melting transitions were the same for both starches. Mechanical relaxations observed by dynamic mechanical analysis correlated well with calorimetric glass transitions. The main mechanism underlying the changes in failure properties is suggested to be slow amylopectin crystallization

Numerical Computation to the Advection in the Field of Some Point Vortices (Numerical Solution of Partial Differential Equations and Related Topics)

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Particle size distributions of milled wheat straw. (a) [log scale for particle size] and (b) [linear scale for particle size]: 3 mm straw freeze milled for 1 (green circle), 2 (blue square) and 3 (red triangle) minutes at 8 cycles per second. (c) [log scale for particle size] and (d) [linear scale for particle size]: < 1 mm straw (blue circle) and after freeze milling for 1 min at 8 cycles per second (green triangle). (a) [log scale for particle size] and (b) [linear scale for particle size]: 3.6 g samples of < 0.25 mm straw before and after being pre-frozen and then subject to 5 × 3 min freeze milling cycles with an impact rate of 8 cycles per second

Drivers of current food waste generation, threats of future increase and opportunities for reduction

Reducing food waste through social innovatio

Food waste prevention : the challenge of making appropriate definitional and methodological choices for quantifying food waste levels

none15noneKarin Östergren; Gina Anderson; Sophie Easteal; Jenny Gustavsson; Ole Jørgen Hanssen; Graham Moates; Hanne Møller; Alessandro Politano; Tom Quested; Barbara Redlingshöfer; Felicitas Schneider; Kirsi Silvennoinen; Asa Stenmarck; Han Soethoudt; Keith W. WaldronKarin Östergren; Gina Anderson; Sophie Easteal; Jenny Gustavsson; Ole Jørgen Hanssen; Graham Moates; Hanne Møller; Alessandro Politano; Tom Quested; Barbara Redlingshöfer; Felicitas Schneider; Kirsi Silvennoinen; Asa Stenmarck; Han Soethoudt; Keith W. Waldro